Archive for the ‘universal english’ Category

Common mistakes that we do when writing spellings

It’s very com­mon that we make the mis­takes when we are writ­ing spellings as we try to write a spelling from the way we speak out. But Eng­lish is a lan­guage in which we can’t write spellings based on the way we speak. There will sev­eral silent let­ters which brings the eas­i­ness and great ele­gant along with beauty while speak­ing. When we are try­ing to write spellings based on the way we speak we may miss the silent let­ters. There are other sev­eral dif­fer­ent mis­takes that we do when we write the spellings. Let’s see some gen­eral spelling mis­takes that we do when we try to con­vert from the way we pro­nounce.
• Drop­ping a let­ter or syl­la­ble when we speak out a word.
• Adding an unnec­es­sary let­ter when we are speak­ing a word.
• Mis­pro­nounc­ing a word and writ­ing the spelling in that wrong way.

mistakes-funding

Miss­ing let­ters:
Here are some exam­ples that we fre­quently mis­spell because we drop a let­ter while we speak.
Acci­den­tally: Gen­er­ally we pro­nounce this as acci­dently and we drop one let­ter.
Anec­dote: We pro­nounce this as anec­dote. So most often there is a chance to mis­spell this word because we will not pro­nounce that let­ter.
Asked: we will pro­nounce this by elim­i­nat­ing the let­ter ‘e’.
Cat­e­gory: We pro­nounce this as cat­e­gory which mis­leads us and pos­si­ble to mis­spell the word.
There are so many words like this and these are only very few words among them.
Extra let­ters: because of the pro­nun­ci­a­tion be add extra let­ters while we speak. Here are some of the most com­mon words in which we add extra let­ters.
Ath­lete: we pro­nounce this as athalete in which we add extra let­ter ‘a’ and when we try to write we usu­ally mis­spell this word.
Per­se­ver­ance: when we write down this word we often think there might be some silent let­ter and we mis­spell it as perserver­ance.
Hin­drance: we often mis­spell this word as hin­der­ance.
The are some of the exam­ples which we often do when we try to con­vert a word in writ­ten form because we pro­nounce a word dif­fer­ently in the way we feel very easy to us. So dif­fer­ent peo­ple may pro­nounce a word dif­fer­ently and pos­si­ble chances of mak­ing mis­takes when writ­ing spelling of that word.
Trans­posed let­ters: Mis­pro­nun­ci­a­tion also cre­ates mis­spell of the words by scram­bling the let­ters. If we observer some exam­ples we can see mis­spell of the words:
E.g.: Aes­thetic, analy­sis, lin­gerie, psy­chol­ogy, gor­geous, mileage, rhyme.
Incor­rect plu­rals: We often make mis­takes while try­ing to con­vert the words into their plural forms as they are not always formed by just putting the let­ter ‘s’ at the end. There are some plural forms which are derived dif­fer­ently from all oth­ers. The only solu­tion is that we have to remem­ber the plural forms which derive dif­fer­ently from their sin­gu­lar forms. Let’s observe some exam­ples so that we can under­stand more.
We can also elim­i­nate this prob­lem by just iden­ti­fy­ing the plu­rals as reg­u­lar and irreg­u­lar. We will have trou­ble only with the irreg­u­lar plural forms which derives dif­fer­ently from their cor­re­spond­ing sin­gu­lar forms. For reg­u­lar plural forms we just have to add the let­ter ‘s’ or ‘es’ at the end of the sin­gu­lar form.
E.g. bird: birds, hat: hats, pen­cil: pen­cils etc.
In some cases we need to add ‘es’ when the words end with ‘f’ or ‘fe’ or ‘v’.
E.g. half: halves, knife: knives, leaf: leaves etc.
For some com­pound state­ments we need to add dif­fer­ently the let­ter ‘s’.
E.g. mother-in-law: mothers-in-law etc.
There are other words which have very dif­fer­ent form in plural. We can’t say how they are derived but we have to just catch those words.
E.g. child: chil­dren, foot: feet, mouse: mice etc.

One more sit­u­a­tion in which we often con­fuse and mis­spell the words is the words which we pro­nounce the same.
E.g. born-Bourne, board– bored, brake-break, bear– bare etc.

Common mistakes when forming sentences

It is com­mon that when we start learn­ing Eng­lish and started form­ing Eng­lish sen­tences we are very likely to make some com­mon mis­takes which some­times even an expert in Eng­lish may also do. In this arti­cle I am going to tell about the com­mon mis­takes that we do when we are fram­ing sentences.

When we for­got­ten the struc­ture of a sen­tence then the sen­tences that we framed may end up incompletely.

mistake

We should check for the com­plete mean­ing of the sen­tence after form­ing the sen­tence. When we think that it’s incom­plete then we have to add some sen­tence so that the sen­tence becomes meaningful.

Let us see how miss­ing one part could change the mean­ing of a sen­tence with one example:

Frag­ment: If you want to get good job.

Cor­rect: You should work hard if you want to get a good job.

Check the above sen­tence which has all the required parts of a sen­tence that are:

• Sub­ject of the action or doer of the action: This will be a noun or pronoun.

• Verb which indi­cates what the sub­ject does.

• Com­plete mean­ing as a whole sentence.

So when we are form­ing the sen­tences then check for the sub­ject part, verb part and the total mean­ing of the sentence.

The sec­ond most com­mon mis­take that we all do when form­ing sen­tences is when we are using the con­junc­tives. Gen­er­ally we will for­get using these con­junc­tives and try to com­bine the sen­tences with­out these impor­tant gap fill­ing parts of English.

Con­junc­tives are used for con­nect­ing the sen­tences and give the mean­ing to the sit­u­a­tion by con­nect­ing cor­rectly the two or more sen­tences. The mis­takes that occur due to the mis­takes in con­junc­tives are called run-on sen­tences. These run-on sen­tences occur when two or more sen­tences are con­nected incor­rectly. The other com­mon con­junc­tives that we use are and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet etc.

Why do we need punctuation marks in English language?

Punc­tu­a­tion is not a kind of code, but is there to make what you write clear, easy to under­stand and read. We should only use it as far as we need it in our writ­ing as part of the process of com­mu­ni­ca­tion with the peo­ple. It is use­ful and it is impor­tant and it should be accu­rate oth­er­wise the mean­ing that we thought to con­vey may change. Punc­tu­a­tion is impor­tant for clear and easy under­stand­ing. Pro­vid­ing all infor­ma­tion required but improper punc­tu­a­tion makes it very hard to read and under­stand. Punc­tu­a­tion includes cor­rect usage of com­mas, semi­colons, full stops etc. By writ­ing punc­tu­ally cor­rect, we can have the fol­low­ing benefits:

  1. Punc­tu­a­tion marks like full stops, com­mas and semi­colons form the basic struc­ture of a para­graph and delin­eate the sen­tences and give a sense to that paragraph.
  2. Dashes and brack­ets can show groups of words that form a smaller group within a sentence.
  3. Ques­tion marks, excla­ma­tion marks and quo­ta­tion marks show what we writ­ing to express some­thing other than gen­eral meaning.
  4. The apos­tro­phe and hyphen can link related words and show other spe­cial functions.
  5. Full stops show that the sen­tence or para­graph has ended and show that a group of let­ters forms an abbreviation.
Punctuation marks

Punc­tu­a­tion marks

Punc­tu­a­tion works at two lev­els i.e. at sen­tence level or phrase level and mark­ing its struc­ture and at word level, link­ing or sep­a­rat­ing the words that are sep­a­rate and are mean­ing­less unless con­nected with other words.

Punc­tu­a­tion has two roles to sep­a­rate sen­tences or sep­a­rate parts of sen­tences and to link groups of words into one sentence.

Confusing words part-2

Sup­port­ing the pre­vi­ous post i got sev­eral com­ments and i want to give more and more words which con­fuses us and makes much dif­fer­ence in usage. Here are some con­fus­ing words for fans of Eng­lish vocabulary.

businessman wearing  paper bag

  • Cre­dence and cred­i­bil­ity: Belief in or accep­tance of some­thing as true is known as cre­dence. Cred­i­bil­ity is the fea­tures that make some­thing believ­able give it credibility.
  • Cred­i­ble and cred­u­lous: Some­thing that is cred­i­ble is believ­able and not gullible. Cred­u­lous is gullible which is appar­ent to be believ­able but actu­ally not and makes eager to be believable.
  • Dep­re­cate and depre­ci­ate: if you dep­re­cate some­thing you show dis­ap­proval of it. If some­thing depre­ci­ates its value falls. If you dep­re­cate some­thing, you think lit­tle of it. Depre­ci­ate is close to that of dep­re­cate but dep­re­cate is stronger and more emo­tional involvement.
  • Exalt and exult: Exalt is to praise and rais­ing them up. To exult is to rejoice and tri­umphant elation.
  • Face­tious and fac­tious: Face­tious is using inap­pro­pri­ate humor and not silly and fac­tious is fool­ish, silly and idiotic.
  • Expe­di­ent and expe­di­tious: to expe­di­ent is to fas­ten the work and make it speedy. Expe­di­tious is quick and efficient.
  • Fac­ti­tious and fic­ti­tious: while “fac­ti­tious” means arti­fi­cially achieved, “fic­ti­tious” means invented. So a politi­cian might gen­er­ate a fac­ti­tious body of opin­ion in favor of some­thing by spread­ing rumors.
  • Equable and equi­table: An equi­table set­tle­ment is fair to both sides. Equi­table is also equal and impartial.
  • Ego­ist and ego­tist: Ego­ist is a per­son who always thinks that he should be first and only believes only in self advance­ments. Ego­tist is a per­son who always talks about his accomplishments.
  • Empa­thy and sym­pa­thy: if we have sym­pa­thy towards any­one then we will have fel­low feel­ing for them and empa­thy is the abil­ity to imag­ine our­selves in that position.
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